Erwin keamer



PA'IENTLD MAR. 6, 1906.

E. KRAMER.

INVBRTED INGANDESOBNT GAS BURNER.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 20. 19M.

lnvenior.

MZnesses= UNITED s'rar s ra rnn'r OFFICE.

lNVERTED ENGANDESCENT GAS-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Jfatented March 6, 1906.

Application filed. April 20,1904. Serial No. 204,084.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatl, ERWIN KRAMER,a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at N o. 9 Paul street, Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful l'mprovements in Inverted Incandescent Gas- Burners, of which the following is a speoifica tion.

My invention relates to downwardly-directed or inverted gas-burners which carry the incandescent body or mantle at the lowest part of the mixing-tube.

The object of my invention is to provide an incandescent gas-burner the mixing-tube of which is considerably heated by the waste gases, so that the combustible mixture of gas and air downwardly conducted Within the burner isbrought to a high temperature before combustion in order to get a very high luminous efliciency while insuring the greatest economy. In order to attain these purposes, I provide on the free end of the burner-tube a contracted or narrow mouth or a mouthpiece having such mouth, which arrangement allows a combustible mixture which is rich in air to be conducted and heated to a high temerature in the mixing-tube without lighting hack of the flame: I prefer to arrange the mouthpiece detachably and changeably for regulating purposes. I further arrange a protecting-globe of glass or the like which surrounds the lower part of the burner-tube to such height that the hot waste gases are directed against and along the birrnentube, thereby heating the latter'.' For the purpose of further transmission of heat to the burner tube I arrange thereon a heating-plate, by which the combustion gases are led laterally above the edge of the globe. In order to revent the upper part of the burner-tube rom being cooled. through the atmosphere, 1 provide a mantle or jacket of hot air round the tube. This air-mantle is inclosed in a funnel-shaped casing-which, with its lower Wide end, abuts upon the upper face of the heating-plate, While its tipper narrow end extends to the head of the burner. Above the upper end of the funnel I place a cap which partially closes the opening at that end. Thus the mantle of hot air is in open communication with the atmosphere; but no circulation takes place. I further provide a washer of a substance whichis a non-conductor of heat above the head or suction chamber of the burner. This insulating-body avoids the transmission of heat to the luster to which the burner is fixed, whereby cooling of the burner would result and the luster would become blackened through the heat.

In the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this specification, a burner adapted for carrying out these features of my invention is represented in a vertical section.

A nozzle a, formed in one piece with a nipple a, projects into a chamber b, which forms the head of the burner and is down-- wardly continued by a mixing-tube b. A number of perforations n are provided in the head I), through which openings air is sucked into the suction-chamber by the jet of gas issuing from the nozzle a and downwardly conducted within the tube 1), thereby mixing with the gas.

A mouthpiece g,having a contracted mouth 12, is screwed to the lower end of the tube 1) or dctachabl y fixed thereto by any other suitable means. The narrow opening it prevents the flame from lighting back to the nozzle (1, so that the tube 1) can be made of such a width that even with low gas-pressures an abundant quantity of air is drawn in for inducing complete combustion. Owing to the arrangement of a wide mixing-tube and its narrow mouth, the suction effect of the burner is scarcely altered when becoming heated, and a very intense flame with a blue-green core is produced under all conditions, so that with a small gas consumption and with a single step of air-suction the mantle is raised to a high degree of incandescence. With a given quan. tity and pressure of gas the flame can be ren- J the width of the opening h or by ap lying a mouthpiece with an opening of di' erent width. i

On a flange g of the mouthpiece g a ring Z, which carries the incandescent mantle f, is attached by means of a bayonet-jointfitting or the like allowing to fix or loosen the ring and the mantle, if desired.

ient form is fixed on the tube 1) by means of screw-threads or by brazing, soldering, or the like, so that transmission of heat from the plate to the tube can take place.

Three or more arms m, connected with the plate (I by riveting, brazing, or other suitable means, project downwardly and have screwed therethrough set-screws 1) near their lower extremity. The said screws engage beneath the upper flanged edge of a protectingglobe e, of glass OTtllQ like, thus supporting A plate d of circular or any other conven;

dered as intense as desired onl by altering the same at a certain distance below the. plate d. The globe e, which is provided at its lower end with one or more openings 0 for admission of air to the flame, surrounds the tower part oi the tube b to a certain height, so as to direct the hot products of eomhustion upward along the tube I), while tho-plate diconducts them laterally above the edge of the gio'oe'e. in this way the hot gases transmit their heat to. the tube 11 and to the plate d, so'that the mixture of gas and air is yery highly heated in the tube. Moreover,

this arrangement of the parts does not allow i Marge quantity of gas collecting in the globe, for which reason violent explhsion eannot arise on kindlingthe burner. in order to prevent the upper part of the tube I), whieh is not touched by the hot waste gases, from boing cooled, a mantle or jatltet of hot air is formed round the tut" by means of a hell, 'cup, or funnel shaped casing o, of metal, the lower wider end of at on is fastened upon the upper face of the heating-plate d, with its flange 0, by riveting, brazing, or the like, forming a tight joint with the same. The upper narrow end of the funnel (1 extends near the head (2. I prefer to make the l'un- .nel of such a term that it is not in contact. with the head 1), although the casing may be closed at that place. A rap 1' iueloses at a short distance the head I) and the upper end of the funnel 0,4;0 that although tho interior of the casing may be in open oommunit'ation with the atmosphere at that plat-o eiroulation and the entranee of fresh t-old airal'e oh- Viated. Owin to the close eontaot ol' the funnel 0 Witht to date II, a certain amount of heat is conducted from the latter to the funnel 0, which heats the air inelosod therein, thus producing a mantle of hot air round the tube b. The tunnel is preferably made of higidypolishcd metal whose. ooollirient of radiation of heat is smaller than that of metal not polished.

In the free end of the chamber I) a washer .or ring 1) of a suhstanec which is a non-eonductor of heat-such as steatite, poreolain, for exampleis fastened by eorrosponding screw-threads, and through a central perforation of the washer the nozzle i1. is screwed, so

as to project into the chamber 1). The arrangement oi' the ring i. presents the advantage that heat is not transmitted from the. burner to the luster to which the nipple g is fixed, whcreby,on the one, hand, the burner would inopportuneiy be cooled and,ou the other hand, the luster becomesblackened. lt not necessary that the joint of the washer on the nozzle and on the head should be gas tight, and therefore no packingis required. As the gas is not yet expanded in the cold pipe, the flash issuing from the nozzle possesses its ful r'uckin capacity and is able, therefore, to draw'in. a iiirgc u'antity of air. Under certainconditions the insulating part or a sec- I ond such may, however, he provided above the nozzle.

What I elaim as my invention, and desire to secure b v Letters Patent, is-

I. In an inverted incandescent gas-hurnor, ttlie combination with a gasuiozzlo: of a vortieal mixing-tube having a rontrzietod month: i a heating-plate arranged on tho mixing-tube. i a protooting-glohe: and means for suspending the globe, substantially as dosoribed.

l 3. in an inverted ineamloseont gas-burner, i the combination with a gas-nozzle; oi' aunix ing-tubo having a eontrarted mouth: a heat ing-plato arranged on'tho mixing-tube; a protecting-globe having air-admission apertures at its lower end; and means l'or supporting the globe, substant iall as dosrrihedc 3. in an inverted inrandoseont gas-burner, tho eomhination with a gas-nozzle; of a vertioal mixing-tuhohaving a oontraotod moutl a heating-plate arranged on tho mixing-tube; and a protoetiug-globo lixod to the heatingplato, substant iall v as dosorihed.

4. ln an inverted inrandosrent gas-burner, the (otnbination with a gasulomlo; of a mixing-tube having a oontrartod mouth; a lioating-plato arranged on the mixing-tube;aprotertlng-globe \\'lllt'll surr ounds tho lower-part ol' the .iixing-tubo: and means l'orsuppoi .ing the globe, substantially as doseribod.

5. in an inverted ineandoseont gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a sue turos; a mixing tube with a eontrat-tod mouth a heating-plate arranged ontlie mixing-tube; and a protoeting-globo whit'h surrounds the lower part of the mixing-tuhe and is fixed below the heating-[date at such a distanro as to allow the waste gases to est-a ie. between the plate and the upper edge ol't 1o globe, substantially as described.

6. In an inverted in widest-cut gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a vortiral mixing-tube; a mouthpiece with a narrow mouth dotarhablv iixod to the free end of the mixing-tube; altoating-plato arranged on the mixing-tube;a protouting-globe; and means for supporting the globe, substan tially as described.

7. in an inverted incandescent gas-hunter, the. eombination with a gas-nozzle; of arm);- ing-tube; a inoutlipioee with a narrow mouth dotaehably fixed to the free end of the mixing-tube; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; and a protectiiig-giobe which surrounds the lower part of the mixing-tube and is iixcd below the heating-plate at such cape between the plate and the edge of the globe, substantially as described.

8. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a verticel nihri-ng-tube with a contracted mouth; a heating-plate arranged on'the niixing-tuhc; a protecting-globe means for supporting the tiou-ehambor having air-admission apex ITO a distance as to allow the waste. ases to csglobe; and a casing above theheating-plate which is closed in its lower part and incloses a mantle of hotfair round the mixing-tube,

substantially as described; a

protecting-globe having air-admission aper- 'tures at its lower end; means for supporting theglobe; and a funnel-shaped casing fixed upon the heating-plate, thus forming a chamberin-which a mantle of hot air is inclosed round :the mixing-tube,"substantially as de scribed.

10. In an inverted incandescent ga sburner.

. the combination with agas-nozzle of a mixing tube with a contracted mouth; a heating-plate fixed with its center on the mixingtube; a protecting-globe means for supporting the globe; and a funnel-shaped casing fixed with a flange of its lower wider end to the upper face of the heating-plate, substancpitially as described.

11. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction chamber having air admission apertures; a mixing tube with a contracted :lmouth; a heating-pl ate arranged on the mixing-tube a protecting-globe means for supportingthe globe; and a funnel-shaped casing which is fixed with a flange at its lower wider end" to the upper face of the heatingplate and the upper narrow endof which is not in contact with the mixing-tube, substantially as describedf, I

12 In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination witha gas-nozzle; of a suction chamber; a mixingtube; a heatingplate arranged on the mixing-tube; av pro: tectirig-globe which surrounds the lower end of-the' mixing-tube and,. is fixed below the heatingeplate at such a distance as to allow the waste as'es to-escape between the plate and the e ge of the, globe; and a funnelshaped casing fixed upon'the heating-plate, thus forming a chamber in which a mantle of hot air is inclosed round the mixing-tube, substantially as described. I

.v ,13. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, thecombination with a gas-nozzle ofa mixing-tube with a contracted mouth; -a heating-plate arranged on tho mixing-tube; a

protecting-globe; means for' supporting the lobe; a funnel-shaped casing fixed wlth a ange of its lower wider end to the upper face of the heating plate; and a capsurrounding the head of the rrri-xing tube and the upper narrow end of the funnel, substantially as described.

14. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle of a suction-chamber with air-admission apertures; a mixin -tube; a heating-plate arranged on the mixm'gtube; a protecting-globe which surrounds the lower part of the mixing-tube and is fixed below the heating-plate at such a distance as to allow the waste gases to escape between the plate and the edge of the globe; a funnel-shaped casing fixed with a flange of its lower wider end to the upper face of the heating-plate and the upper nar-' row end of which is not in contact with the suction-chamber nor mixing-tube; and a cap surrounding the suction-chambcr and the narrow end of the funnel, substantially as described.

15. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle of a s uc tion-chamber with air-admission apertures; a mixing-tube; a mouthpiece with a contracted mouth delmwhably fixed to the free end of the mixing-tube: a heating-plate arranged on the mixingtube; a protectingglobe with airadmission apertures at its lower end; means for supporting the globe a funnel-shaped ea. in: which fixed with a flange of its lower wider end to the upper face of the heatingfplatc and the upper narrow end of which is not in contact with the mixing-tube; and aff cap surrounding the suction-chamber and the narrow end of tne 'lunnel, substantially described.

16. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle, ot a suction-chamber having air-admission apertures; a mixing tube with a contracted mouth; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing tube a protecting-globe; means for sup porting the globe; and a cap surrounding the ead of the burner, substantially as described.

17. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; oi" a mixing-tube; and a body of insulating material inserted between the mixing-tube and the gas-nozzle, substantially as described.

18. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle of a mixing-tube having a contracted mouth; and a body of insulating material inserted between themixing-tube and the gas-nozzle, substantially as described.

19. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-chamber; a body of insulating material which is inserted between the suction-chamber and the nozzle; a mixing-tube; and a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube, substantially as described.

20. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-chamber; a body of insulating material which is inserted between the suction-chamber and the nozzle; a mixing-tube having a contracted mouth; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; a protecting-globe; and means for supporting the globe, substantially as described.

21. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner,

&

' the edge of the globe, substantial y as described.

22. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-clnimber; a body of insulating material inserted between the suction-chamber and the nozzle; a mixing-tube; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; a protectingglobe with air-admission apertures whiehsur' rounds the. lower part of the mixing-tube and is fixed below the heating-plate at such a distance as to allow the waste gases to escape. between the )latc and the edge of the globe; and a funnel-shaped-casing fixed upon the heating-plate, thus forming a chamber which ineloses a mantle of hot air, substantially as described.

23. lnaninverted incandescentgas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-ch: mber; a body of insulating material inserted between the suction-chamber and the nozzle; a mixing-tube; a mouthpiece with a contracted mouth detaehably fixed to the free end of the mixing-tube; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; a protectingglobe; means for supporting the globe; and a casing above the heating-plate which incloses a mantle of hot air round the mixingtube, substantially as described.

24. In aninverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a. suction-cha1nber; a body of insulating material inserted between the suetion-chamber and the nozzle; a mixing-tube with a contracted mouth a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; a protectinglobe having air-admission apertures at its ower end: means for supporting the lobe; a funnel-shaped casing which is fixed with a flange of its lower wider end'to the upper face of the heating-plate and the upper narrow end of which is not m contact with the mixing-tube; and a cap which SUIIOUIH'IS the head of the burner, substantially as described.

25. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner,

the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-chamber; a body of insulating material which is inserted between the suction-cham her and the nozzle; a cap surrounding the suction-chamber; a mixing-tube with a. con tractegl mouth; and a-heatmg-plate arranged on the mixing-tube, substantially as de' scribed.

26. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a suction-chamber; a body of insulatin materiai inserted between the suction-cham er and a nozzle; a cap which surrounds the suctionchamber; a mixing-tube with a contracted mouth; a heating-plate arranged on the mixing-tube; a protecting-globe which surrounds the lower part of the mixing-tube; and mt' 'tns for fixing the globe below the heating-plate, substantially as described. 7

27. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a vertical mixing-tube; a heatin -plate fixed with its center on the mixing-tn e; and a funnelshaped casing fixed. u on the heating-plate,

thus forming a cham er round the mlxmgtube, substantially as described.

28. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner,

the combination with a gas-nozzle; of a vertical mixing tube; a heatin' -plate fixed with its center on the mixing-tu e; and a funnelshaped casing fixed u onthe heating-plate, thus forming a cham er round the mlxingtube, which casin is made-of highly-polished metal, substantially as described.

29. In aninvertcdincandescent'gas-burner,

the combination with a gas-nozzle of a mix-.

ing-tube having a contracted mouth; a heating-plate arranged with its center on the mixing-tube a protecting-globe; arms downwardly projecting from the heatinglate; and set-screws which engage beneatii the flanged edge of the globe, substantially as described.

30. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a gas-nozzle, of a mixing-tube, aheating-plate arranged with its 4 center on the mixing-tube, a protecting-globe and means projecting downwardly from the heatin -plate for supporting said globe, sub-- stantia ly as described.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses. x ERWIN KRAMER. Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY Hasrnn. 

